The U.S. Geological Survey's Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) is urging Hawaii residents to prioritize disaster preparedness during September's National Preparedness Month, emphasizing that the state faces year-round threats from earthquakes and volcanic eruptions in addition to seasonal hazards like hurricanes and severe weather.
HVO geologist Katie Mulliken highlighted four key steps for readiness: understanding local hazards, creating an emergency plan, assembling a supply kit, and engaging with community preparedness efforts. She noted that Hawaii's earthquake hazard is among the highest in the U.S., particularly on the south side of the Island of Hawai‘i, with potential impacts including ground cracks, landslides, and local tsunamis.
While earthquakes strike without warning, volcanic eruptions often show signs of unrest, which HVO scientists closely monitor. They communicate volcano status and potential ash hazards using the USGS Volcano Alert Level (NORMAL, ADVISORY, WATCH, WARNING) for ground-based threats and the Aviation Color Code (GREEN, YELLOW, ORANGE, RED) for airborne ash. These systems can be de-coupled, for instance, if lava flows pose a ground threat without significant ash emissions. Residents are advised to learn about active volcanoes in their areas and sign up for HVO's Volcano Notification Service (VNS) for updates.
Given Hawaii's isolated geography, communities may need to be self-sufficient for a period after a disaster. Building an emergency supply kit, as recommended by FEMA, is crucial, along with developing a household emergency plan that includes evacuation and communication strategies. Community involvement, including practicing and sharing plans, is vital as local communities often serve as the first responders.
In ongoing activity, Kīlauea volcano has been erupting episodically within its summit caldera since December 23, 2024, currently at an ADVISORY alert level. The 54th episode of lava fountaining occurred on August 25, and episode 55 is currently forecast between September 7-12, though this window is subject to change. Mauna Loa remains at a NORMAL alert level with no eruption, and no earthquakes were reported felt in the Hawaiian Islands during the past week.